Russia plans new orbital station with first module in 2028 and full configuration by 2034
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The first module of Russia's new orbital station, ROS, is scheduled for launch in 2028, with the Russian segment expected to separate from the ISS and begin autonomous operations in 2030.
The full configuration of ROS is targeted for 2034 and will operate as a visited station rather than a continuously crewed platform, aiming for an internal atmospheric pressure of about 58% of Earth pressure while maintaining partial oxygen pressure and reduced nitrogen. The project calls for 15 Angara A5M launches and 19 Soyuz-2.1b launches through 2033, and includes modular reference blocks for reconfiguration during maintenance, with robotic anthropomorphic assistants planned for upkeep and extravehicular support.